With kant, we also begin to see that cosmopolitanism and democracy, as embedded in a republican. See eric brown, stoic cosmopolitanism and the political life ph. She also noted that kant s definition of the good as a good will is rather similar, in some respects, to the stoic idea of virtue as the sole good. History, philosophy and politics of world citizenship. Interpretations of kant usually focus on his legal or political cosmopolitanism, a cluster of ideas. Kant in comparison kant s attempt to combine republicanism, patriotism, and cosmopolitanism has a long pedigree. Nov 17, 2009 that is, the cosmopolitanism of the idea is unique in that kant s argument for universal jurisdiction is tied into his peculiar conception of the teleology of history as detached from the idea of deriving universal moral laws from the natural law, whether in its ancient stoic or early modern manifestations in grotius and pufendorf, and so on. Stoicism is a school of hellenistic philosophy which was founded by zeno of citium, in athens, in the early 3rd century bc. The idea of a cosmopolitan law is therefore not fantastic and overstrained. Cosmopolitanism and globalization dartmouth college.
Nussbaum, kant and stoic cosmopolitanism, journal of political. But i think what guyer is getting at is that kant was not only a stoic, but his philosophy was an evolution of the field, and that kant s work did well to supplant aspects of it. A comparison chen yudan four centuries after the signing of the peace of westphalia, an interstate system with national sovereignty as its fundamental principle, spread from europe into the entire world. Cosmopolitanism in the age of nationalism, 18481914. Stoic cosmopolitanism influenced christianity and even modern political thoughts, as t. Palmer cato institute abstract many critics of increasing freedom of trade and of movement, and the phenomena of cosmopolitanism and globalization that result from such freedom, insist that the consequence of greater trade and movement is a net loss of identity. Cultural, moral, and political 41 as pogge has rightly observed, this rejection is best read as strategic. Cosmopolitanism is an emerging theme in studies of global justice and provides a meeting point between theorists of international law, political science, political cosmopolitanism, in international relations, school of thought in which the essence of international society is defined in terms of social bonds that link people, stoic cosmopolitanism in. This is the first comprehensive account of kant s cosmopolitanism, highlighting its moral, political, legal, economic, cultural and psychological aspects. Nov 17, 2017 stoic cosmopolitanism should not be taken to imply that the ideal human society resembles a beehive, where individuality is subsumed for the benefit of the group. I show how being a cynic cosmopolitan is the preferable way of rejecting nationalists of all stripes. Cosmopolitanism stanford encyclopedia of philosophy. A term of antique provenance, cosmopolitanism has developed and cohered into a critical concept in contemporary social and cultural analysis. However, the daunting quantity and variable quality of the available research exploring the many, often controversial, issues attendant upon cosm.
Additional note because of the large quantity of her publications and contractual issues, professor nussbaum has posted citations in chicago unbound, rather than fulltext. In origin, cosmopolitanism suggests the establishment of a cosmo polis or world state for all of humanity. The core belief of roman stoicism in reason and law as qualifying humanity for a universal community bears a strong resemblance to the notion of the kingdom of ends populated by free rational lawmakers who obey their own laws in the moral philosophy of immanuel kant. There are moral, political, legal, economic and cultural cosmopolitanisms. Immanuel kant, essay on theory and practice, perpetual peace, the metaphysical elements of right, irpt pp. Stoic cosmopolitanism and confucian cosmopolitanism. Paul guyers thoughts on kant as a stoic paul guyer, leading kant philosopher and is considered one of the leading experts who understands immanuel kant, made a very interesting lecture and gave a very brief summation of kant and his contributionsthoughts to stoic philosophy. It make sense in my mind that kant was not only a stoic but that his philosophy is a natural continuation of it. On the contrary, the stoics were keen defenders of human freedom and very.
Doing so, it explores five commitments of present cosmopolitanism, modeled after kantian cosmopolitanism, and is championed by many philosophers including jurgen habermas and various others. Because of the large quantity of her publications and contractual issues, professor nussbaum has posted citations in chicago unbound, rather than fulltext. Kant and stoic cosmopolitanism by martha craven nussbaum. While the nationstate system has always been the core element in practice, reflections of. It is important to emphasise the egalitarian heart of this stoic type of cosmopolitanism, since some scholars writing about dignity recently have supposed that the entire history of that concept derives from ideas of rank and status in hierarchical societies. Firstly, the aim of kant s project is to end all war. From political to ethical cosmopolitanism when scholars discuss kants cosmopolitanism, they typically focus on his political cosmopolitanism, described in the doctrine of right and perpetual peace, and summarized.
Kant and stoic cosmopolitanism kant and stoic cosmopolitanism nussbaum, martha c. This is so because for kant freedom is rooted in the ability of the individual will to abstract from all particular content, and thereby to attain the capacity for free self. The word cosmopolitan, which derives from the greek word kosmopolites citizen of the world, has been used to describe a wide variety of important views in moral and sociopolitical philosophy. The transparency of perpetual peace and the highest good. After pursuing his studies at the university of his native city 17401746, kant became a private tutor. The philosophy of immanuel kant alfred weber i mmanuel kant,2 born in konigsberg, prussia, 1724, was the son of plain people. Reimagining travel and mobility in discourses of cosmopolitanism. Different views of what constitutes this community may include a focus on moral standards, economic practices, political structures, andor cultural forms. The nebulous core shared by all cosmopolitan views is the idea that all human beings, regardless of their political affiliation, are or can and should be citizens in a single community. French revolutionary anacharsis cloots 17551795, who argued for the abolishment of states in a form of political cosmopolitanism and historian dietrich hermann hegewisch 17461812, who envisioned global free trade ibid. These two theorists bring kants cosmopolitan right and reshape it by. Cosmopolitanism is the idea that all human beings are, or could or should be, members of a single community.
The list of her publications is current through december 1, 20, and will be. Aug 27, 2015 the core belief of roman stoicism in reason and law as qualifying humanity for a universal community bears a strong resemblance to the notion of the kingdom of ends populated by free rational lawmakers who obey their own laws in the moral philosophy of immanuel kant. But neither imperialism nor a literal interpretation of world citizenship is required for the philosophical point. It seems equally applicable to later stoic cosmopolitanism. Kants conception of cosmopolitanism and its limitations. Nussbaum and others published kant and stoic cosmopolitanism find, read and cite all the research you. Nussbaum, kant and stoic cosmopolitanism, journal of political philosophy, 1997, 5, 1, 125. Stoicism and cosmopolitanism although the term cosmopolitan, literally, worldcitizen, was used by greeks earlier than the stoic philosophers who started with zeno c.
The term cosmopolitan occurs frequently throughout kants political writings, often in close proximity to classical citations and references. Kant s embedded cosmopolitanism is a valuable source for students of political philosophy and kant s ethics. Globalization, cosmopolitanism, and personal identity tom g. Stoicism is a philosophy of personal ethics informed by its system of logic and its views on the natural world. Kant and stoic cosmopolitanism, the journal of political. Globalization, cosmopolitanism, and personal identity. Like stoic cosmopolitanism, cultural cosmopolitanism requires a level of detachment from ones own culture and context. In tagores novel, the appeal to world citizenship failsfails because patriotism is full of color and intensity and passion, whereas cosmopolitanism seems to have a hard time gripping. Kant s perpetual peace is a profound defense of cosmopolitan values. The kant brought out here turns out to be very different from current mainstream appropriations, which erroneously consider him one of the founding fathers of the new cosmopolitanism. They frequently appeal to eighteenthcentury cosmopoli. Cosmopolitanism is the ideology that all human beings belong to a single community, based on a shared morality.
Toward perpetual peace in practical philosophy cambridge edition of the works of immanuel kant. Stoic cosmopolitanism should not be taken to imply that the ideal human society resembles a beehive, where individuality is subsumed for the benefit of the group. By contrast, kwame anthony appiah argues for a cosmopolitanism flowing from, rather than transcending rooted ways of life. In his anthropology from a pragmatic point of view and religion within the boundaries of mere reason, however, kant discusses something that might be called an ethical cosmopolitanism. Kant and stoic cosmopolitanism, in the journal of political philosophy volume 5, nr 1, pp. Bimala complains that her husband, the cosmopolitan hindu landlord nikhil. Pdf download for cosmopolitans and cosmopolitanism.
A person who adheres to the idea of cosmopolitanism in any of its forms is called a cosmopolitan or cosmopolite. Aug 16, 2010 kants conception of cosmopolitanism and its limitations posted on august 16, 2010 1 comment immanuel kant lived from 1724 until 1804 during the time of the enlightenment, but more importantly it was a time of revolution and nationbuilding. Male or female, slave or free, king or peasant, all are alike of boundless. Different views of what constitutes this community may include a focus on moral standards, economic practices, political structures, and or cultural forms. Kants idea for a universal history with a cosmopolitan. She also noted that kant s definition of the good as a good will is rather similar, in some respects, to the stoic. The philosophy of immanuel kant the sophia project.
Kant evolves the moral philosophy enshrined in stoic thought to a political philosophy complemented by the unwritten code of political and international lawkant, 108, whereby, the peoples of the earth have thus entered in varying degrees into a universal community, and it has. This is a moderate stoic cosmopolitanism, and empire made the doctrine very easy for many romans by identifying the roman patria with the cosmopolis itself. Pangle suggests that our historical situation conduces to a revival of the stoic cosmopolitan vision, which is centered on the idea of a more or less radical. Democracy democracy problem and perspectives pdf free. Dec 17, 2009 7 as she opts for a stoic cosmopolitanism that transcends local loyalties and traditions. Indeed, to achieve such a combination was one of the goals of roman stoicism, and of cicero in particular nussbaum 1997. Cosmopolitanism is the idea that all human beings are, or could or should be, members of a. Providence and divine mercy in kants ethical cosmopolitanism 1. Patriotism and cosmopolitanism, martha nussbaum one world. Chapter 7 kants cosmopolitanism and current philosophical debates. The author of this paper compares kant s notion of cosmopolitan right with contemporary liberal cosmopolitanism of such theorists like james bohman professor of philosophy at saint louis. Cambridge core history of philosophy kant and cosmopolitanism by pauline kleingeld. University of groningen six varieties of cosmopolitanism.
That is, the cosmopolitanism of the idea is unique in that kant s argument for universal jurisdiction is tied into his peculiar conception of the teleology of history as detached from the idea of deriving universal moral laws from the natural law, whether in its ancient stoic or early modern manifestations in grotius and pufendorf, and so on. The aim of this section is 1 to give an account of the federation of free states and its dissimilarity with a world state. Kants perpetual peace is a profound defense of cosmopolitan values. This article renarrates the history of cosmopolitan thinking. She is a kantian, and made the point that kant is a type of stoic, in that he recognizes the need to act according to reason in ethics rather than be influenced by our emotions. However, the tension between an abstract cosmopolitanism from above and a rooted cosmopolitanism from below remains one of the major. The term is similar to globalism and internationalism. Cosmopolitanism 1st edition david inglis gerard delanty. Stoic cosmopolitanism also inspired kant, whose universalist moral viewpoint.
Six varieties of cosmopolitanism in late eighteenthcentury germany pauline kleingeld in part as a response to the current resurgence of nationalist sentiment in many parts of the world, several authors have recently sought to revive the legacy of cosmopolitanism. His paternal grandparents emigrated to germany from the fatherland of hume. I use classical cynicism as the primary example of therapeutic cosmopolitanism. Martha nussbaum, kant and stoic cosmopolitanism, 5 journal of political philosophy 1 1997. The thinker who resuscitates the stoic meaning of cosmopolitanism and who gives the term a new turn such as to make it compatible with the demands of a modern state based on the rule of law is immanuel kant. The touchstone of present cosmopolitanism is the concept of basic human rights. It should go without saying that kant s cosmopolitanism, though expressed in the discourse of philosophical reason, was informed by actually existing conditions. Instead of the universalist humanism and supranational communitarianism that characterizes cosmopolitan options, cynic cosmopolitanism employs extreme naturalism. This can be traced back to the kant cosmopolitan ideal.
A form that has not received much attention is therapeutic cosmopolitanism. The purpose of this paper is to offer a general account of cosmopolitanism. I argue that therapeutic cosmopolitanism is both the original and best way of being a worldcitizen. Aristotle, stoicism and cosmopolitan political thought. A global order in cosmopolitanism is anchored around the idea of basic human rights. In some discussions, immanuel kant s understanding of hospitality as a cosmopolitan right has been criticised and, in some cases, this has resulted in a rejection of the idea of cosmopolitanism. The term cosmopolitan occurs frequently throughout kant s political writings, often in close proximity to classical citations and references. Nussbaum kant and stoic cosmopolitanism free download as pdf file. Nussbaum, kant and stoic cosmopolitanism philpapers. But unlike stoic cosmopolitanism, the wider world exists both to be appreciated and to be learned from by the world citizen, not to be renounced in its entirety in favor of a.
But unlike stoic cosmopolitanism, the wider world exists both to be appreciated and to be learned from by the world citizen, not to be renounced in its entirety in favor of a higher level of existence. Is kantian ethics a type of nonvirtue oriented stoicism. In comparison, a global order in communism is based on the idea of abolition of private property. A common way to understand stoic cosmopolitanism is through hierocles. This is a moderate stoic cosmopolitanism, and empire made the doctrine. The stoics stress that to be a citizen of the world one does not need to give. According to kant, all rational beings are members in a single moral community. Aristotle, stoicism and cosmopolitan political thought core.
1297 1089 850 1421 539 1147 942 18 658 1181 740 1482 162 864 725 445 504 1260 718 1125 231 330 1008 1211 705 239 562 677 1528 254 566 869 1558 1536 1443 1231 213 1152 207 160 374 617 159 944 759 182 1368 310 636 645 382